of early settlements and land grants in West Virginia by W. S. Therefore, since the Secession Convention had been called by the legislature and not the people, all its acts were illegal. [50] 711 of the state's citizens died during the war. acres, on Turkey Spring of Opeckon creek, dated 21 date there has been a record kept and the settlement reaches Lieutenant-Governor, in council, to take up the same upon George Washington. The settlers listed below were all considered very important to the establishment of government and were significant in the historical impact on Colonial Virginia: The following persons were among the prominent first families that immigrated to Colonial Virginia in the 1600's-early 1700's: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Virginia, http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108283.html, https://www.werelate.org/wiki/Early_Settlers_of_Colonial_Virginia, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License, Was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1693, 1696, 1699, and one of the committee in 1700 reporting a revision of the laws which were approved by the General Assembly in 1705, Served as Colonial Governor of Virginia 1768-1770, Was a fur trader and served in the House of Burgesses. [45] The organized work by women's clubs during World War I helped convince legislators of their role in getting their women enfranchised. Morgan Morgan (November 1, 1688-November 17, 1766) is traditionally considered the first white settler of West Virginia. Robert Hagar, Constitutional Convention delegate, quoted in, "Proclamation 100 Admitting West Virginia Into the Union", John T. Woolley and Gerhard Peters, The American Presidency Project, Lincoln and West Virginia Statehood* By J. Duane Squires Volume 24, Number 4 (July 1963), "Although early estimates noted that Union soldiers from the region outnumbered Confederates by more than three to one, more recent and detailed studies have concluded that there were nearly equal numbers of Union and Confederate soldiers. Instead of giving up, Page (and Rogers) secretly planned and had surveyed a route to provide a new, third major railroad, all the way to new coal pier facilities at Sewell's Point on the harbor of Hampton Roads, fully 440 miles (710km) away from the railhead on the Kanawha River. "Betrayal in the West Virginia Coal Fields: Eugene V. Debs and the Socialist Party of America, 19121914,", Edwards, Pamela. This historic period changed the way of living extends from a little before the 18th century Virginia and Pennsylvania region North American fur trade beginning on the Eastern Panhandle of the state. October 3. The following years saw a significant growth of visitors. "Charles Ambler's Sectionalism in Virginia: An Appreciation,". The backcountry frontier of colonial Virginia reached westward from the Blue Ridge Mountains to the farthest extent of Virginia settlement in the eighteenth century. Social conditions in western Virginia were entirely unlike those in the eastern portion of the state. The following Gordon Battelle, an Ohio native who sought to introduce a resolution for gradual emancipation. This wall stretched across the peninsula between the York and James rivers and protected the settlements on the eastern side of the lower Peninsula from Indians. Governor of Virginia, the Wheeling constitution was discarded, and an entirely new one was written along ante-bellum principles. Large Landowner Gloucester Richmond Stafford Counties. With Page as its first president, and largely financed from Rogers' personal fortune, and the two railroads were merged in 1907 to form the Virginian Railway (VGN). Governor Alexander Spotswood is sometimes credited with taking his 1716 "Knights of the Golden Horseshoe Expedition" into what is now Pendleton County, although according to contemporary accounts, Spotswood's trail went no farther west than Harrisonburg, Virginia. Though England eventually defeated the French, warfare would continue to be a part of life for the early West Virginia settlers, as Indian conflicts continued into the American War of Independence, the last battle of which was fought at Fort Henry in 1782, in present day Wheeling, West Virginia. The first settlers of the area destined to become Wood County located along the Ohio, Little Kanawha and Hughes Rivers. [30] Berkeley and Jefferson counties lying on the Potomac east of the mountains, in 1863, with the consent of the Reorganized government of Virginia voted in favor of annexation to West Virginia. 500 acres, dated 3 October, 1734, Grant to Richard Pendall, 300 West Virginia University is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action According to historian Anne Wallace Effland, conservative social and religious beliefs together with the campaigns by anti-suffragists kept up a solid defense against them. acres, on Opeckon Run, dated October 3, 1734, Grant to Neil Thompson, 139 ", The assignment of the said "orders" August 1734, Grant to Rus Smith, 150 The settlement of present-day West Virginia began in the mid-1700s, when Scotch-Irish and German settlers from Pennsylvania came to the area that is now Berkeley and Greenbriar counties. George Washington to Frederick County to survey lands for him, acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Robert Slaughter, High Sheriff and Capt. Pudup, Mary Beth, Dwight B. Billings, and Altina L. Waller, eds. West Virginia was officially admitted as a U.S. state on June 20, 1863. In 1661, King Charles II of England had granted a company of gentleman the land between the Potomac and Rappahannock rivers, known as the Northern Neck. Join the community of family history enthusiasts and FamilySearch employees to ask questions and discuss potential product enhancements. During recent years, production has been about 600,000 to 1,000,000 tons per year. [Source: Sketches of Wood County: Its Early History; as embraced in and connected with other Counties of West Virginia. Given these differences, many in the west had long contemplated a separate state. and these survey were assigned by Hite to those who purchased of been some discussion on this subject through the publications of In this [19] However, most of the pro-Confederate elements no longer considered themselves citizens of the United States; they saw themselves as citizens of another country (the Confederacy) and did not vote in elections sponsored by the United States. Remnants of the Mound Builder=s civilization have been found throughout West Virginia, with a high concentration of artifacts located at Moundsville, West Virginia, in Marshall County. [Webmasters The population consisted almost entirely of farmers seeking land upon which they could build a home and produce a living. People line the street outside of the funeral of Elan Ganeles, 27, a dual U.S.-Israeli citizen from West Hartford, Connecticut, in Raanana, Israel, Wednesday, March 1, 2023. Brock, Robt. Skip ahead a few decades until after the Civil War. Wilson, Jno. Box 6069 Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 Phone: 1-304-293-4040 Fax: 1-304-293-6638 West Virginia University. It is known that in 1732, that Jost Hite with Presbyterian Church, above Winchester. President Lincoln was in a close campaign when he won reelection in 1864 with the majority of the popular vote and 212 electoral votes, versus 21 electoral votes cast for his Democratic opponent. 142 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Thos. The VGN and the N&W ultimately became parts of the modern Norfolk Southern system, and the VGN's well-engineered 20th-century tracks continue to offer a favorable gradient to Hampton Roads. First to successfully cultivate tobacco in Colony; married Pocohontas. Waddell, in his Annals of Augusta County, Virginia, from 1726 to 1871 provides a list of the first few families that made up the first influx of settlers seeking in early Orange and Augusta County, Virginia. Yet the soil was rich, and some beautiful hillside farms developed during the days when Western Virginia was being settled and later, after West Virginia had become a state. Forman, Nath Thomas: To John Grubb, Thos. Christian The opening statement on the Early Land Grant page, is from the On July 13, 1709, Louis Michel, George Ritter, and Baron Christoph von Graffenried petitioned the King of England for a land grant in the Harpers Ferry, Shepherdstown area, Jefferson County, in order to establish a Swiss colony. : Brderbund, c2000 Physical: 1 CD-ROM ; 4 3/4 in. This item is available on microfilm at this FamilySearch center. Elizabeth Cometti, and Festus P. Summers. Under royal authority, the colony began to expand to the North and West with additional settlements. ; no. Primogeniture favored the first sons' inheriting lands and titles in England. Even in some counties that had voted against secession, such as Wayne and Cabell, it was necessary to send in Union soldiers.[21]. This, perhaps, will be sufficient to show that after In March 1761, Robert Harper obtained a permit to operate a ferry across the Shenandoah River at present-day Harpers Ferry, Jefferson County. Many men absent in the Confederate army when the vote was taken refused to acknowledge the transfer upon their return. Original Home of Col. John Evans, Morgantown, W. Va. Group Poses with Fairfax Stone, Tucker County, W. Va. WVU Libraries West Virginia [13], The Virginia Constitutional Convention of 185051, the Reform Convention, addressed a number of issues important to western Virginians. A little over one month later, Kanawha was renamed West Virginia. acres, on the _____ branch of the Opeckon, between the Orange in 1734 The Film/Digital Notes contain a description of the microfilm or microfiche numbers. In the 1850s, geologists such as British expert Dr. David T. Ansted (18141880), surveyed potential coal fields and invested in land and early mining projects. The Treaty of Albany, 1722, designated the Blue Ridge Mountains as the western boundary of white settlement,[9] and recognized Iroquois rights on the west side of the ridge, including all of West Virginia. The enterprise, fraught with disease, dissension, and determined . Complete listing of Early Virginia Immigrants, 1623-1666 (from book published 1912 by George Cabell Greer, now copyright-free) Each line contains from left to right: LAST & FIRST - Name of immigrant who came to America ARRIVAL - Year of immigrant arrival SPONSOR - Name of sponsoring person(s) paying passage of immigrant COUNTY - County in which sponsor received land for payment of passage . At the convening of the 1752 Treaty of Logstown, they acknowledged the right of English settlements south of the Ohio, but the Cherokee and Shawnee claims still remained. [William and Mary Quarterly] JONES, Cadwallader (in Virginia 1681), Stafford County . 1734, Grant to Josiah Jones, 104 "Crisis Politics in West Virginia, 18611870," in Richard O. Curry ed., Engle, Stephen D. "Mountaineer Reconstruction: Blacks in the Political Reconstruction of West Virginia,", Fredette, Allison. They also raised domestic turkeys and kept dogs as pets. Many such early settlers in Virginia were called Second Sons. University 1549 University Ave. | P.O. acres, on South side of the Cohongolulu, dated 3 October They now proposed a division when it was impossible for one-fourth of even the counties included in the boundaries proposed to give even an expression upon the proposition." Walkers, Beesons. [3] Within the greater region of and neighboring the Mountain State, the Riverton Tradition includes Maple Creek Phase. Middle-class women made up the majority of volunteers; many programs were not open to African American and lower-class white women. Also are the Buffalo Phase, Transitional Archaic Phase, Transitional Period Culture and Central Ohio Valley Archaic Phase. By the spring stocking of 1963, the West Virginia Centennial year, Evans and Mace had supervised the spawning of good color and quality brood stock of the Mountain State's Centennial Golden Trout.[47]. It is rare that so many names of the early settlers of any region can be gotten at this day. recorded in Orange in 1743 and 1744, and Fredrick Co. was Likewise, St. Albans, West Virginia, at the confluence of the Kanawha and Coal Rivers, became a point of trade. The constitutionality of the new state was achieved when the Unionist government of Virginia approved the division. Though the Iroquois made little effort to settle the region themselves, they made war throughout the area with their enemies, following the Great Indian Warpaths through the region and, some time between 17251750, contracted a large group of the Saponi-Tutelo warriors the Iroquois had living on the Susquehanna River in Pennsylvania to fight alongside them in the region. Major crises in the Virginia state government over these differences were averted on more than one occasion during the period before the American Civil War, but the underlying problems were fundamental and never well resolved. The area now known as West Virginia was a favorite hunting ground of numerous Native American peoples before the arrival of European settlers. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. Hite, David Vance, Jas. The rugged nature of the country made slavery unprofitable, and time only increased the social, political, economic, and cultural differences .mw-parser-output div.crossreference{padding-left:0}(see Tuckahoe-Cohee) between the two sections of Virginia. Meter. Other Early Settlers [Source documents noted] ADAMS, Ebenezer (d. 1735) New Kent county; son of Richard Adams, of Abridge, Essex, citizen and merchant tailor of London. That Convention had offered the people of the State at least the form of a vote, and the Northwest at least had a full and free expression; and now they proposed to cut off Eastern Virginia without even the form of a vote. One of the silent partner investors Page had enlisted was millionaire industrialist Henry Huttleston Rogers, a principal in John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Trust and an old hand at developing natural resources, transportation. During the American Civil War, West Virginia suffered comparatively little. build up several Western States, especially Ohio. Unemployment ended as the mines, railroads, mills and factories worked overtime to create the "Arsenal of Democracy" that supplied the munitions to win the war. Today, the zoological facility is of 338-acre (1.37km2) modern Wildlife Center under the direction of the Division of Natural Resources. The Iroquois were on the point of threatening all-out war against the Virginia Colony over the "Cohongoruton lands", which would have been destructive and devastating, when Governor Gooch bought out their claim for 400 pounds at the Treaty of Lancaster (1744). 828 acres, October 3, 1734. Other significant rail carriers of coal were the Western Maryland Railway (WM), particularly notable was a latecomer, the Virginian Railway (VGN), built in an extraordinary manner to the latest and highest standards and completed in 1909. The western area focused its commerce on neighbors to the west, and many citizens felt that the more populous eastern areas were too dominant in the Virginia General Assembly and insensitive to their needs. In 1630, under the governorship of John Harvey, the first settlement on the York River was founded. Served as Lt. County Voters, Property Surveyed by George Washington were all [23] The other delegates to the June Convention were "chosen even more irregularly-some in mass meetings, others by county committee, and still others were seemingly self-appointed". As tobacco emerged as a profitable export, Virginia imported more Africans to cultivate it and hardened boundaries of slavery. It was set up to be the center of the Virginia Colony's government and commerce. Arrived in Jamestown in 1608, Served in House of Burgesses for Elizabeth City County. Besides the well-publicized mine disasters that killed a number of miners at a time, there were many smaller episodes in which one or two miners lost their lives. A considerable part of this land was surveyed by George Washington, especially the South Branch Potomac River valley between 1748 and 1751. [5] Little is known about the housing of Paleo-Indian and Archaic periods, but Woodland Indians lived in wigwams. Edwards (2008) explores the roles of women volunteers in West Virginia during World War II. In the late 1600s, European explorers arrived and started to create maps for the territory. 3000 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Morgan Morgan, 1000 These shires were renamed as counties only a few years later. Served as Lt. Gov. In combination, all of the records collected here will help you put the lives of your early West Virginia ancestors in historical context. Early Settlement in the Eastern Panhandle The Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia borders Maryland and Virginia. Chester, Within 10 years, the C&O was building tracks east from Richmond down the Virginia Peninsula to reach its huge coal pier at the new city of Newport News, Virginia on the large harbor of Hampton Roads. part of the forty thousand acres purchased by Jost Hite from Women volunteered for farm and home economics training programs, United Service Organizations (USO) clubs that provided entertainment and assistance to servicemen, salvage campaigns to produce steel scrap, and civil defense training that taught first aid and emergency response techniques. In 1863, General John D. Imboden, with 5,000 Confederate soldiers, overran a considerable portion of the state. On the following day, the convention chose Francis H. Pierpont as governor of the "Restored Government of Virginia", elected other officers, and adjourned. Lt. Early Land Grants and Settlers of West Virginia Some history of early settlements and land grants in West Virginia by W. S. Laidly, Esq., who has devoted much study to the subject. During the war and for years afterwards, partisan feeling ran high. Survey of Early Settlers on Patterson Creek; Wilmer L. KERNS' Early Settlers of Patterson's Creek - Map and List; Early Religious Migration, Additional Sources Latest update: Monday, October 8, 2012. The legislature of the Restored Government was composed of members from the western counties who had been elected on May 23, 1861, and some senators who had been elected in 1859. A delegate representing Logan County was accepted as a member of this body, though he did not live in Logan County, and his "credentials consisted of a petition signed by fifteen persons representing six families". grant, it is said, that it is designed to be included in a These were Lutheran, Reformed, or Brethren. After a failed attempt to include woman suffrage as a state constitutional amendment in 1916, pro-suffrage Governor John J. Cornwell included the ratification of the federal amendment for woman suffrage in the agenda for a special legislative session in February 1920. The Constitutional Convention met in November 1861, and consisted of 61 members. that so many names of the early settlers of any region can be Since the mid-20th century, West Virginia has experienced population declines due in large part to its citizens leaving for opportunities elsewhere. History of Lower Valley, while he does not admit they are the Then, in the late 1700s and early 1800s, more land started to be cleared to build early forts and then towns as more settlers arrived. He was born in Wales and emigrated to Delaware about 1712. It extended the vote to all white males 21 years or older. On August 22, 1872, an entirely new constitution was adopted. All give reference to Virginia. acres. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. 600 acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Isaac Garrison, 1000 The Constitutional Convention began on November 26, 1861, and finished its work on February 18, 1862. Early Settlers of Southwest Virginia-Chronological List Watchers Quolla6 Cwatan Share Southwest Virginia Project Return to Southwest Virginia Project Main Page ___________________________________________________________ Category: Southwest Virginia Project Don't want ads? Harron, Geo. To get the best possible experience using our website we recommend that you upgrade to a newer version or install another browser. In addition to differences over the abolition of slavery, he and allies felt the Virginia government ignored and refused to spend funds on needed internal improvements in the west, such as turnpikes and railroads.[15]. The Jamestown settlement, established in 1607, was the seat of England's first permanent colony in North America. The microfilm may have been scanned, but have a contractual, data privacy, or other restriction preventing access. Beginning in 1898, Page teamed with northern and European-based investors to take advantage of the undeveloped area. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Richard Morgan, 290 230, "Mr. Lamb, of Ohio County declared that out of 2000 voters in Hampshire County, one hundred and 95 votes had been cast and he had heard that of these one hundred were cast by soldiers. 1863-1889 Plats and surveys FS Library film 462959. In May, 1740, to Peter Months later upon his arrival, the new Petersburg manager, Chester Mace, was shown the curious novelty. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Samuel Taylor, 200 1734, Grant to John Van Meter, 885 The composition of the General Assembly was changed. The vote was further compromised by the presence of an undetermined number of non-resident soldier votes.[36]. The first native settlers in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands (Grant, Hampshire, Hardy, Mineral, Pendleton, Pocahontas, Randolph, and Tucker counties) were the Mound Builders, also known as the Adena people. In 1634, a palisade was built near Middle Plantation. 3, No. Lewis Starry, Robt. However, federal forces soon drove the Confederates out of most of West Virginia.[27]. Early settlers like people of German descent started to arrive in the 1700s. Also within the region is the Laurentian Archaic Tradition, which includes Brewerton Phase, Feeley Phase, Dunlop Phase, McKibben Phase, Genesee Phase, Stringtown/Satchel Phase, Satchel Phase and Lamoka/Dustin Phase. Frederick was established by law in Early historic tribes living within or routinely hunting and trading within the state include Calicuas later mixed in colonial north-western Virginia-Pennsylvania at the time as popular termed Cherokee, Mohetans, Rickohockans from ancient Nation du Chat area, Monetons and Monecaga or Monacan, Tomahitans or Yuchi-Occaneechi, Tuscarora or mixed broad termed Mingoe & Canawagh or Kanawhas (Chiroenhaka),[8] Oniasantkeronons or Tramontane of the proto-historic southerly Neutral Nation trade empire (element Nation du Chat), Shattera or Tutelo, Ouabano or Mohican-Delaware, Chaouanon or Shawnee, Cheskepe or Shawnee-Yuchi, Loupe (Captina Island historic mix, Lanape & Powhatan), Tionontatacaga and Little Mingoe (Guyandottes), Massawomeck and later mixed as Mohawk, Susquesahanock or White Minqua later mixed Mingoes and Arrigahaga or Black Minqua of the Nation du Chat and proto-historic Neutral Nation trade empire. The first steps toward this change had been taken, however, by the Republicans in 1870. There was another and 1750 and the following are those for whom Following the war, Virginia unsuccessfully brought a case to the Supreme Court challenging the secession of Berkeley County and Jefferson County to West Virginia. [34] In addition, a large portion of the state was secessionist,[35] and any polls there had to be conducted under military intervention. whether there was others there before that date, unsettled. The logging industry furthered the river shipping industry. Orange County, Virginia was formed in 1734. Following this conflict, known as Dunmore's War, the Shawnee and Mingo ceded their rights south of the Ohio, that is, to West Virginia and Kentucky. Curry, Richard Orr. In 1774, the Crown Governor of Virginia, John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, led a force over the mountains, and a body of militia under Colonel Andrew Lewis dealt the Shawnee Indians under Cornstalk a crushing blow at the junction of the Kanawha and Ohio rivers, in the Battle of Point Pleasant. James McGregor "The Disruption of Virginia", pg. In 1889, in the southern part of the state, along the Norfolk and Western rail lines, the important coal center of Bluefield, West Virginia was founded. Luptons. West Virginia's mines were considered so unsafe that immigration officials would not recommend them as a source of employment for immigrants, and those unskilled immigrants who did work in the coal mines were more susceptible to death or injury. Descendancy for John Hurst: Early Colonial Settlers of Southern Maryland and Virginia's Northern Neck Counties On June 15, 1607 the fleet commander Captain Christopher Newport will return to England leaving 104 settlers. As of 2009[update], over 12,500 archaeological sites have been documented in West Virginia.[1][2]. names are not known. organized: We have endeavored to not repeat the names either on the grants Soon after this, white settlers began moving into the Greater Shenandoah-Potomac Valley making up the entire eastern portion of the state. Settlers increasingly branched out along the eastern coast, but it was not until the early eighteenth century that pioneers began pushing into West Virginia itself. As those mines were playing out by the end of the 19th century, these men were among investors and industrialists who focused new interest on the largely untapped coal resources of West Virginia. It will be noticed that there were deeds In Noe and Shannon H. Wilson, Riccards, Michael P. "Lincoln and the Political Question: The Creation of the State of West Virginia", Stealey III, John E. "The Freedmen's Bureau in West Virginia,", Zimring, David R. "'Secession in Favor of the Constitution': How West Virginia Justified Separate Statehood during the Civil War. A protg of Dr. Ansted was William Nelson Page (18541932), a civil engineer and mining manager based at Ansted in Fayette County. In the postwar years, he continued his militancy; his miners went on strikes or "work stoppages" annually. Peuter, Thos. 270. The West Virginia Archives and History Library has custody of these records. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Paul Williams, 270 The Supreme Court decided in favor of West Virginia, and there has been no further question. above brings us down to about 1750. 1730 there were of Colonial Virginia 1707-1709, Gov. Frustrated by bad economic conditions and what they perceive to be neglect from the Charleston government, this movement has gained at least some momentum. Also brief accounts of First Settlers, and their Descendants. acres, October 3, 1734, Grant to Abraham Pennington, The convention passed an act for the reorganization of the government on June 19, 1861. West Virginia is a state now, and the Industrial Revolution is taking place. The "capital" of the Pocahontas coalfield, this city would remain the largest city in the southern portion of the state for several decades. There, city founder Collis P. Huntington also developed what would become the largest shipbuilder in the world, Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. Writtenhouse, Jacob Christman, John Hite, William Reed, The state's integration experiences were generally peaceful, swift and cooperative. However, the act that created West Virginia was signed in 1862, two years before Lincoln's re-election. About 1714, Morgan met and married Catherine Garretson, with whom he had nine children. 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