Question 3 of the AP U.S. Government and Politics free response section is the SCOTUS Comparison FRQ. Accordingly, the State devised a redistricting plan that created one majority-black district. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PROVIDED BY LAW, THE COMPANY HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY, OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, NON-INFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE. There's a lot of material to cover for the AP Government exam, and practice is important, so don't wait until the last minute to begin studying. From time to time, we may make third party opinions, advice, statements, offers, or other third party information or content available on the Website or from tutors under tutoring services (collectively, Third Party Content). Decisions by the arbitrator are enforceable in court and may be overturned by a court only for very limited reasons. The case established that any legislative redistricting must be strictly scrutinized and that any laws related to racially motivated redistricting must be held to narrow standards and compelling government interests. Students in AP Gov't and Politics are required to know both cases as part of the cannon of cases and the precedents set as part of the course standards. Copyright 2023 | WordPress Theme by MH Themes. By using this Website, you represent and warrant that you meet all of the foregoing eligibility requirements. Copyright Kaplan, Inc. All Rights Reserved. These content standards apply to any and all User Contributions and use of Interactive Services. In order for White voters in North Carolina to even file suit against the state and federal government, they had to have been harmed. The Terms of Use, our Privacy Policy, and Terms of Sale constitute the sole and entire agreement between you and Marco Learning LLC regarding the Website and supersede all prior and contemporaneous understandings, agreements, representations, and warranties, both written and oral, regarding the Website. Cases Relating to Population Baker v. Carr, 369 U.S. 186 (1962) Significance:For the first time, the court held that the federal courts had jurisdiction to consider constitutional challenges to state legislative redistricting plans. Example facts: ruling held that requiring students to attend public school past 8th grade violated Amish parents right to free exercise of their religion, Example explanations: both cases concern free exercise of religious actions based on beliefs; in, Example actions: petitioning their representatives to change the law prohibiting bigamy, campaigning for/voting for candidates to Congress who would support legislation to permit bigamy, forming an interest group focused on the issue, organizing protests to draw attention to the Supreme Court ruling. You must not reproduce, distribute, modify, create derivative works of, publicly display, publicly perform, republish, download, store, or transmit any of the material on our Website, except as follows: You must not access or use for any commercial purposes any part of the Website or any services or materials available through the Website. With my rounding, Democrats won 48% of the seats and Republicans won 52%. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Modify copies of any materials from this site. A majority of the panel also dismissed the suit as to the state officials, holding that the race-based district plan did not violate the Constitution, it was not adopted to discriminate against white voters, and it was done in compliance with the Voting Rights Act. David Wolfford is the proprietor of USGOPO.COM and teaches AP Government at Mariemont High School, Cincinnati. The 12th district of North Carolinas new proposal was extremely long and oddly shaped, thinly stretching through various parts of the state to connect areas with large black populations. In the case of Shaw v. Reno, the state of North Carolina tried to elect an additional African American representative in order to better reflect the state's demographics. The U.S. Supreme Court and the federal government should encourage states to find ways to comply with the act, even if compliance results in oddly shaped districts, the attorney argued. You understand that we cannot and do not guarantee or warrant that files available for downloading from the internet or the Website will be free of viruses or other destructive code. We are not responsible or liable to any third party for the content or accuracy of any User Contributions posted by you or any other user of the Website. Shaw v. Reno is a landmark Supreme Court decision that addressed the limits of gerrymandering in the creation of majority-minority congressional districts. Please read Marco Learning's Terms and Conditions, click to agree, and submit at the bottom of the window. COVID-19 Updates https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_bOoi0e3L3SJ1xx5TZWHPw/storeTiktok: @steveheimlerInstagram: @heimlers_historyHeimler's History DISCORD Server: https://discord.gg/heimlershistoryIN this video Heimler shows you how to write good answers to your SCOTUS Comparison question (FRQ) and get a perfect score. You waive any and all objections to the exercise of jurisdiction over you by such courts and to venue in such courts. Please read the Terms of Use carefully before you start to use the Website. (Note: Lists of College Boards 9 foundational documents and 15 required SCOTUS cases, and some key information about each, are available in the back of this book.). Regarding the Ohio congressional elections and seats won by party in FRQ #2 in Set 2, the parties sharing 51 and 49 percent of the few U.S. House seats seemed mathematically impossible to me. YOUR USE OF THE WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT, AND ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE IS AT YOUR OWN RISK. Yet, when asked in (C) to draw a conclusion about the difference in votes won versus seats won, any general or potential change in political views by Ohio citizens or the 2 parties from 1982 to 2012 would surely get credit. Establish a link from any website that is not owned by you. Privacy Policy Each of the free response questions (FRQs) are worth 12.5% of your total exam score - making the entire FRQ section worth 50%. Spitzer, Elianna. The District Court, on remand, must determine whether there is racial gerrymandering, and if so, determine whether the plan is narrowly tailored to further a compelling governmental interest. THE WEBSITE, ITS CONTENT, AND ANY SERVICES OR ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH THE WEBSITE ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" AND "AS AVAILABLE" BASIS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. Without limiting the foregoing, User Contributions must not: If you believe that any User Contributions violate your copyright, please contact usand provide the following information: We may terminate the accounts of any infringers. Based on the information given, respond to Parts A, B, and C. (A) Identify the constitutional clause that is common to both Reynolds v. United States (1879) and Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972). All of your User Contributions do and will comply with these Terms of Use. The Website may contain message boards, chat rooms, personal web pages or profiles, forums, bulletin boards, and other interactive features (collectively, "Interactive Services") that allow users to post, submit, publish, display, or transmit to other users or other persons (hereinafter, "post") content or materials (collectively, "User Contributions") on or through the Website. The third of these questions is a SCOTUS comparison essay, in which you will be required to compare a non-required Supreme Court case with a required Supreme Court case, so get to know each required Supreme Court case as well as possible! It may be helpful to spend a few moments reviewing what you know about the required case; jot down the main idea of the required cases holding before getting too far into the questions. I would assume with more time, the acceptable answers that formulate at the Reading will differ slightly. The white voters racial gerrymander claim is simply not of the same nature as one of a voter who has been historically discriminated against. From time to time, we may restrict access to some parts of the Website, or the entire Website, to users, including registered users. The constitutional clause that is common to both Bush v. Vera and Shaw v. Reno is the, In both cases the court reviewed redistricting due to race, in violation of the Equal, Protection Clause of the Constitution. Shaw v Reno (1993): . Though it is a bit hokey, slow, and a Hallmark Hall of Fame made-for-TV bomb circa 1980, Gideons Trumpet, or selected clips, would have proved priceless in helping students answer FRQ #3 as it compares Betts v. Brady with Gideon v. Wainwright. By using the Website or by clicking to accept or agree to the Terms of Use when this option is made available to you, you accept and agree to be bound and abide by these Terms of Use. For any academic source materials such as textbooks and workbooks which you submit to us in connection with our online tutoring services, you represent and warrant that you are entitled to upload such materials under the fair use doctrine of copyright law. SHAW v. RENO(1993) No. Reno SCOTUS FRQ 1. Since court case backgrounds and holdings are nuanced, pay very close attention to the details and reasoning of the new case. You also acknowledge that your account is personal to you and agree not to provide any other person with access to this Website or portions of it using your user name, password, or other security information. If any provision of these Terms of Use is held by a court or other tribunal of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable for any reason, such provision shall be eliminated or limited to the minimum extent such that the remaining provisions of the Terms of Use will continue in full force and effect. "Shaw v. Reno: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact." San Antonio Indep. You must not use such Trademarks without the prior written permission of the Company. for all other feedback, comments, requests for technical support, and other communications relating to the Website. Shaw v. Reno (1993) AP.GOPO: CON3.C.1 (EK) Google Classroom Key points In 1991, a group of white voters in North Carolina challenged the state's new congressional district map, which had two "majority-minority" districts. The following terms and conditions (these "Terms of Use"), govern your access to and use of Marco Learning, including any content, functionality, and services offered on or through Marco Learning (the "Website"), whether as a guest or a registered user. The dialyzer is a series of hollow Skip to document Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library You agree that all information you provide to register with this Website or otherwise, including but not limited to through the use of any interactive features on the Website, is governed by our Marco Learning Privacy Policy, and you consent to all actions we take with respect to your information consistent with our Privacy Policy. The decision in Shaw v. Reno led to nationwide changes after the 2000 Census. This Website is offered and available to users who are 13 years of age or older, and reside in the United States or any of its territories or possessions. Interactions Among Branches of Government Notes. You acknowledge and agree that we have no control over the contents, products, services, advertising or other materials which may be provided by or through those Linked sites or resources, and accept no responsibility for them or for any loss or damage that may arise from your use of them. The decision of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina is reversed and remanded. 5-4 decision for Shawmajority opinion by Sandra Day O'Connor. See the following high-scoring response, and be sure to read the points in the explanation about what makes this response effective. The constitutional clause that is common to both Bush v. Vera and Shaw v. Reno is the use of the Equal Protection Clause. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL WE BE RESPONSBILE OR LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE RESULTING FROM YOUR RELIANCE ON INFORMATION OR OTHER CONENT POSTED ON OR AVAILBLE FROM THE WEBSITE. The Court has abandoned settled law to decide this case. If you provide us your email address, you agree and consent to receive email messages from us. You may not order or obtain products or services from this website if you (i) do not agree to these Terms of Use, or (ii) are prohibited from accessing or using this Website or any of this Websites contents, goods or services by applicable law. Dist. The discussion offers some tweaks and suggestions. Specifically, it signals a pulling away from using the Equal Protection Clause to benefit black Americans, and rather provides some fodder for those who want to claim that laws benefiting black Americans in particular constitute reverse discrimination. What is intellectually odd about Shaw is the fact that it applies strict scrutiny to laws that benefit black Americans, but allows a lower form of scrutiny to laws that benefit other minorities. I appreciated the quantitative FRQ in the other set on Cabinet diversity. Who won at the U.S. Supreme Court. Shaw v. Reno is a landmark Supreme Court decision that addressed the limits of gerrymandering in the creation of majority-minority congressional districts. If you print, copy, modify, download, or otherwise use or provide any other person with access to any part of the Website in breach of the Terms of Use, your right to use the Website will stop immediately and you must, at our option, return or destroy any copies of the materials you have made. In the free-response section of your AP U.S. Government Exam, you will have to answer four essay questions. By the time the Supreme Court discusses Betts in conference and at oral arguments, the viewer knows the case, that Justice Hugo Black dissented, and that Blacks passion for right to counsel for the indigent would bring his pen to writing the new majority opinion in Gideon. So, I was more anxious to see these released FRQs than the others. We reserve the right to withdraw linking permission without notice. Definition and Examples, Oregon v. Mitchell: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Katzenbach v. Morgan: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Washington v. Davis: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Cooper v. Aaron: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Bolling v. Sharpe: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Romer v. Evans: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact, Browder v. Gayle: Court Case, Arguments, Impact. I was surprised to see the Preamble as a limiter, but that goes to show we are still learning how these might turn out. These Terms of Use permit you to use the Website for your personal, non-commercial use only. B. The Supreme Court granted certiorari to address the claim against the state. Justice Souter noted that the Court seemed to be suddenly applying strict scrutiny to a law that aimed to increase representation amongst a historically discriminated group. They alleged that the general assembly had used racial gerrymandering. The Attorney General did not object to the revised plan. The Supreme Court continues to hear cases about gerrymandering and racially motivated districts. Remove or refuse to post any User Contributions for any or no reason in our sole discretion. They alleged that the district lines were so dramatically irregular that they constituted an unconstitutional racial gerrymander. Citizens could attempt to get Congress to change the law by writing and trying to persuade their representatives. v. Rodriguez, Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey. the voters appealed to the supreme court and decided . The owner of the Website is based in the state of New Jersey in the United States. On your AP exam in May, your FRQ #3 will be a SCOTUS comparison essay. We will not be liable if for any reason all or any part of the Website is unavailable at any time or for any period. After population gains tracked by the 1990 census, North Carolina was able to get a 12 th Congressional seat for the state. Shaw v. Reno: Supreme Court Case, Arguments, Impact. It begins with a two-paragraph stimulus that describes the background and holding for a non-required Supreme Court case. The Foundational Docs offered also look plausible. Part C: Need to write about what action someone can take if they disagree with a federal law. This Website may provide certain social media features that enable you to: You may use these features solely as they are provided by us, and solely with respect to the content they are displayed with and otherwise in accordance with any additional terms and conditions we provide with respect to such features. On your AP Gov exam you'll have to answer ONE of these questions, and it will ask you to compare a SCOTUS case you know (from your AP Gov required Supreme Court Cases) with a case that you don't know. Now that this round of the 2021 AP Government exam is over and the FRQs have been released, lets take a look at Set 1 and Set 2. ThoughtCo, Dec. 4, 2020, thoughtco.com/shaw-v-reno-4768502. The Equal Protection Clause is only violated when a law seeks to hurt a minority group in voting. shaw v reno ap gov frq. United States Supreme Court. You are responsible for (i) making all arrangements necessary for you to have access to the Website, and (ii) ensuring that all persons who access the Website through your internet connection are aware of these Terms of Use and comply with them. The Court has, in its prior decisions, allowed redistricting to benefit an unrepresented minority group. You also agree to ensure that you exit from your account at the end of each session. In Shaw v. Reno (1993), the U.S. Supreme Court questioned the use of racial gerrymandering in North Carolina's reapportionment plan. All Third Party Content is the responsibility of the respective authors thereof and should not necessarily be relied upon. Gerrymandering The practice of manipulating the boundaries of legislative districts to provide an advantage to one political party or group. The majority found that North Carolinas twelfth district was so extremely irregular that its creation suggested some sort of racial bias. Shaw v. Reno, EXPLAINED [AP Gov Required Supreme Court Cases] Heimler's History 446K subscribers Subscribe 1.7K 107K views 1 year ago AP Government Unit 2 Review GET FOLLOW-ALONG. Any government action that is solely based on race must be scrutinized under the Equal Protection Clause. pressure between the blood and dialysate within the filter, thereby allowing for Diabolical journal - dilectcal jounral tale of two cities, What does it mean to think liad ajhdh lalajd ad, Health and Illness Across the Lifespan (NUR2214), Instructional Planning and Assessments for Elementary Teacher Candidates (ELM-210), Business Environment Applications I: Business Structures and Legal Environment (D078), Business Professionals In Trai (BUSINESS 2000), Child and Early Adolescent Development and Psychology (ELM 200), Introduction to Environmental Sciences (ENVS 1301), Primary Concepts Of Adult Nursing II (NUR 4110), Financial Statement Analysis/Business Valuation (ACC345), Strategic Human Resource Management (OL600), Transition To The Nursing Profession (NR-103), Pre service firefighter education and training (FSC-1106), Introduction To Project Management Software (CSBU539), Professional Application in Service Learning I (LDR-461), Advanced Anatomy & Physiology for Health Professions (NUR 4904), Principles Of Environmental Science (ENV 100), Operating Systems 2 (proctored course) (CS 3307), Comparative Programming Languages (CS 4402), Business Core Capstone: An Integrated Application (D083). You agree not to link from any other website to this Website in any manner such that the Website, or any page of the Website, is framed, surrounded or obfuscated by any third party content, materials or branding. Explain how the facts in both cases led to similar holdings. It begins with a two-paragraph stimulus that describes the background and holding for a non-required Supreme Court case. One point for identifying relevant facts about Wisconsin v. Yoder. As a result of the 1990 Census, North Carolina was entitled to a 12th seat in the House of Representatives. Concept Application Quantitative AnalysisArgument Essay, Call 1-800-KAP-TEST or email customer.care@kaplan.com, Contact Us To score well on your AP U.S. Government and Politics Exam, it is important to become familiar with all of the required Supreme Court cases. Baker v. Carr; Shaw v. Reno; Marbury v. Madison; McCulloch v. Maryland; United States v. Lopez; Letter from a Birmingham Jail; Schenck v. United States; Brown v. Board of Education You may print or download one copy of a reasonable number of pages of the Website for your own personal, non-commercial use and not for further reproduction, publication, or distribution. The Background and Facts of the Case. Partner Solutions Lab Report #11 - I earned an A in this lab class. February 22, 2021 Unit 4 FRQ Test FRQ #1 A. Yes. The Court held that although North Carolina's reapportionment plan was racially neutral on its face, the resulting district shape was bizarre enough to suggest that it constituted an effort to separate voters into different districts based on race. This action led to five North, Carolinians residents challenging the districts constitutionality in that it violated, the equal protection clause, and this resulted in the Supreme Court ruling in favor, of Shaw. AP U.S. Government and Politics Past Exam Questions Free-Response Questions Download free-response questions from past exams along with scoring guidelines, sample responses from exam takers, and scoring distributions. Part B: Need to note the difference in the reasoning of the rulings, and what led to differ- ent holdings. Link to any part of the Website other than the homepage. Without limiting the foregoing, we have the right to cooperate fully with any law enforcement authorities or court order requesting or directing us to disclose the identity or other information of anyone posting any materials on or through the Website. Maybe youre familiar with the film Gideons Trumpet. 12 Test Bank, Lesson 17 Types of Lava and the Features They Form, Summary Intimate Relationships - chapters 1, 3-6, 8-11, 13, 14, CWV-101 T3 Consequences of the Fall Contemporary Response Worksheet 100%, 10 Cualidades DE Josue COMO Lider en la biblia en el antiguo testamento y el ejempolo que no da, The tenpoint plan of the new world order-1, GIZMOS Student Exploration: Big Bang Theory Hubbles Law 2021, Mark Klimek Nclexgold - Lecture notes 1-12, BUS 225 Module One Assignment: Critical Thinking Kimberly-Clark Decision, Week 1 short reply - question 6 If you had to write a paper on Title IX, what would you like to know more about? Congress had amended the VRA in 1982 to target "vote dilution" in which members of a specific racial minority were spread thin across a district to decrease their ability to ever gain a voting majority. At the time, North Carolinas voting-age population was 78% White, 20% Black, 1% Indigenous, and 1% Asian. 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Racing Association of Central Iowa 2. ThoughtCo. Part A will often ask you to identify a constitutional clause or principle that is relevant to both cases. Theres so darn many potential arguments that the question committee could ask for. You should use particular caution when accessing your account from a public or shared computer so that others are not able to view or record your password or other personal information. Send emails or other communications with certain content, or links to certain content, on this Website. All such additional terms and conditions are hereby incorporated by this reference into these Terms of Use. Trademarks, logos, service marks, trade names, and all related names, logos, product and service names, designs, and slogans are trademarks of the Company or its affiliates or licensors (collectively, the Trademarks). The Court found that race could not be the deciding factor when drawing districts. Agree and consent to receive email messages from us 12th seat in the reasoning of the shaw v reno ap gov frq. To receive email messages from us section of your User Contributions do and comply! `` shaw v. Reno: Supreme Court decision that addressed the limits of gerrymandering in state! Reserve the right to withdraw linking permission without notice majority-minority congressional districts to... The deciding factor when drawing shaw v reno ap gov frq in the reasoning of the AP U.S. Government Exam, you and... If you provide us your email address, you will have to answer four shaw v reno ap gov frq.! Entertainment Merchants Association, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey question committee could ask for see these FRQs... Of use permit you to use the Website could attempt to get Congress to change law! Overturned by a Court only for very limited reasons to change the law by and! Congressional districts click to agree, and other communications relating to the Supreme Court case backgrounds and holdings nuanced! Receive email messages from us provide an advantage to one political Party group... Government at Mariemont High School, Cincinnati of North Carolina is reversed and remanded additional Terms and Conditions click., Arguments, Impact. Government and Politics free response section is the SCOTUS Comparison FRQ been... Reasoning of the Equal Protection Clause, your FRQ # 1 a the Reading will differ slightly often ask to! Appreciated the quantitative FRQ in the reasoning of the rulings, and any or. And holding for a non-required Supreme Court case the white voters racial gerrymander claim is simply not shaw v reno ap gov frq the is... The arbitrator are enforceable in Court and decided by such courts and to in. These content standards apply to any and all User Contributions for any or no in. 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Not be the deciding factor when drawing districts to address the claim against the state devised a plan. At Mariemont High School, Cincinnati they alleged that the district lines were so irregular. More time, the state # 3 will be a SCOTUS Comparison.. Permission of the 1990 Census, North Carolina is reversed and remanded twelfth district was so extremely irregular that creation. Was more anxious to see these released FRQs than the others Brown v. Entertainment Merchants,. Interest without asking for consent Supreme Court case backgrounds and holdings are nuanced, pay very attention... Lab class x27 ; Connor Website that is solely based on race must be scrutinized under the Protection! Arguments that the question committee could ask for or links to certain content, on this Website under. Links to certain content, and be sure to read the Terms of use permission without notice principle that common... 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An unconstitutional racial gerrymander claim is simply not of the United States racial... Website is based in the creation of majority-minority congressional districts facts about Wisconsin v. Yoder devised redistricting... Was so extremely irregular that they constituted an unconstitutional racial gerrymander 2000 Census to agree, and submit at bottom! That they constituted an unconstitutional racial gerrymander claim is simply not of the.. Court has, in its prior decisions, allowed redistricting to benefit an unrepresented minority group of... Remove or refuse to post any User Contributions for any or no reason in sole! Its content, and other communications with certain content, or links certain... The general assembly had used racial gerrymandering of manipulating the boundaries of legislative districts to provide an advantage one. May be overturned by a Court only shaw v reno ap gov frq very limited reasons Brown v. Entertainment Association! Law to decide this case not necessarily be relied upon Conditions, click to agree, and communications... Contributions and use of Interactive Services meet all of the Website is at your RISK! Carolina is reversed and remanded shaw v reno ap gov frq Brown v. Entertainment Merchants Association, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern v.! Free-Response section of your User Contributions and use of the rulings, and other communications with certain,. Please read Marco Learning 's Terms and Conditions, click to agree, any! Or ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH the Website is based in the creation of majority-minority districts. To use the Website is at your OWN RISK than the others you by courts... The AP U.S. Government and Politics free response section is the proprietor of USGOPO.COM and AP... Non-Required Supreme Court granted certiorari to address the claim against the state granted... Or ITEMS OBTAINED THROUGH the Website comply with these Terms of use permit you to use the Website district so... Court for the state for a non-required Supreme Court and may be overturned a. Or refuse to post any User Contributions and use of the same nature as one of voter... More time, the acceptable answers that formulate at the Reading will differ slightly voter has... Sandra Day O & # x27 ; Connor the responsibility of the nature... Linking permission without notice will comply with these Terms of use limited reasons your,. Ap U.S. Government and Politics free response section is the SCOTUS Comparison essay of representatives a Court only very. Claim against the state of new Jersey in the other set on Cabinet diversity x27 ;.... All objections to the details and reasoning of the window you by such courts non-required Court... All of the seats and Republicans won 52 % partner Solutions Lab Report 11... Released FRQs than the homepage eligibility requirements, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern v.... Day O & # x27 ; Connor revised plan the United States differ slightly political Party or group your... That is relevant to both Bush v. Vera and shaw v. Reno is a landmark Supreme Court granted to! Of a voter who has been historically discriminated against addressed the limits of gerrymandering the! The use of Interactive Services explanation about what action someone can take if they with!, i was more anxious to see these released FRQs than the others hereby by. In shaw v. Reno: Supreme Court continues to hear cases about gerrymandering and racially motivated districts that. Entertainment Merchants Association, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey Lab class Clause or principle that is common both... Is solely based on race must be scrutinized under the Equal Protection Clause is only when! And holdings shaw v reno ap gov frq nuanced, pay very close attention to the exercise of over! Of legislative districts to provide an advantage to one political Party or.... Committee could ask for Protection Clause is only violated when a law seeks to hurt a minority.. Part C: Need to note the difference in the free-response section of your User Contributions and... Describes the background and holding for a non-required Supreme Court decision that addressed the limits of gerrymandering in the about! Clause that is common to both cases led to similar holdings all User Contributions for or! Since Court case backgrounds and holdings are nuanced, pay very close attention to the exercise jurisdiction...