Surnames are taken . engaged in Main Work, 37 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) ), Labana, Mheravat, Goti, Hadkashi, Zod, Dhinga, Pelya, Shatbe, Baman, Machhi (Hindu)Kharwa, Khalas, Dhimar, Dhivar, Mitna, Tandel, Mangela, Khalasi, Sarang, Kahar, Majothi Kumbar, Majothi, Kumbar Darban or Darban Majothi (all Muslim), Matwa or Matwa-Kureshi (Muslim), Gavli (Hindu), Mochi , Jansali, Sivania, Myanagar, Jingar, Dasania, Chamadia, Bharatbhara, Chandlia, Sonari, Aari Bharatbhara, (except Dang district and Umargam taluka of Valsad district. Impress your Guju friends by learning the meaning of their surnames. They are mainly found in North Gujarat and Ahmedabad. The Kolis seem to have had only two divisions in every part of Gujarat: for example, Talapada (indigenous) and Pardeshi (foreign) in central Gujarat and Palia and Baria in eastern Gujarat (significantly, one considered indigenous and the other outsider). Rajput hypergamy seems to have provided an important mechanism for integration of the lower caste and tribal population into the Hindu society over the entire length and breadth of northern, western, central and even eastern India. its not well known because of their population approx 9800 all over the world. In all there were about eighty such divisions. The castes pervaded by hierarchy and hypergamy had large populations spread evenly from village to village and frequently also from village to town over a large area. He does not give importance to this possibility probably because, as he goes on to state, what is sought here is a universal formula, a rule without exceptions (ibid.). For describing the divisions of the remaining two orders, it would be necessary to go on adding the prefix sub but this would make the description extremely clumsy, if not meaningless. 1 0 obj Although caste was found in both village and town, did it possess any special characteristics in the latter? The Kolis in such an area may not even be concerned about a second-order divisional name and may be known simply as Kolis. Search 30 million given names . Secondly, it is necessary to study intensively the pattern of inter-caste relations in urban centres as something differentat least hypotheticallyfrom the pattern in villages. Early industrial labour was also drawn mainly from the urban artisan and servant castes. Firstly, there were divisions whose population was found almost entirely in towns. Divorcees and the bereaved can marry again. The Khamar village has population of 560 of which 277 are males while 283 are females as per Population Census 2011. The primarily rural and lower castes were the last to form associations and that too mainly after independence (1947). The Rajputs, in association with Kolis, Bhils, and such other castes and tribes, provide an extreme example of such castes. Desai is a frequently used Gujarati surname composed of the Sanskrit words desa meaning country, and swami meaning master or lord. Khamar is a village situated in Nandod taluka of Narmada It is the Gujarati word for a parrot. We shall return to the Rajput-Koli relationship when we consider the Kolis in detail. There was considerable elaboration in urban areas of what Ghurye long ago called the community aspect of caste (1932: 179) and frequently, this led to juxtaposition rather than hierarchy between caste divisions of the same order. Although my knowledge is fragmentary, I thought it was worthwhile to put together the bits and pieces for the region as a whole. The Hindu and Muslim kingdoms in Gujarat during the medieval period had, of course, their capital towns, at first Patan and then Ahmedabad. Frequently, social divisions were neatly expressed in street names. The small town sections therefore separated themselves from the respective large town sections and formed a new ekda. district in Gujarat. The total population of Scheduled Castes (SC) in Gujarat State in 2011 is 2110331 which is about 7% of the total population. Of particular importance seems to be the fact that a section of the urban population was more or less isolatedsome may say, alienatedfrom the rural masses from generation to generation. This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania division. Whatever the internal organization of a second-order division, the relationship between most of the Brahman second-order divisions was marked by great emphasis on being different and separate than on being higher and lower. There was an emphasis on being different and separate rather than on being higher and lower. This reflects the high degree of divisiveness in castes in Gujarat. The degree of contravention is highest if the couple belong to two different first-order divisions. The name, Talapada, meaning mdigenous, commonly used in the 19th century, is most clear, since it is clearly distinguished from the other division called Pardeshi, meaning foreign, who during the last one or two centuries immigrated here from the area around Patan in north Gujarat and were, therefore, also called Patan- wadias. where it is borne by 4,561 people, or 1 in 168,179. If the marriage took place within the Vania fold but outside the tad or ekda, as the case may be, the punishment varied according to the social distance between the tads or ekdas of the bride and the groom. The earliest caste associations were formed in Bombay in the middle of the 19th century among migrants belonging to the primarily urban and upper castes from Gujarat, such as Vanias, Bhatias and Lohanas (see Dobbin 1972: 74-76, 121-30, 227f, 259-61). Although they claimed to be Brahman they were closely associated with agriculture. The population of Children aged 0-6 years in Khamar Madhurima takes a keen interest in parenting and lifestyle. However, it is assumed that Ganjawala may have an occupational origin referring to individuals or their ancestors who produced or sold Ganja (cannabis). The division had an elaborate internal hierarchy, with wealthy and powerful landlords and tax-farmers at the top and small landholders, tenants and labourers at the bottom. The two former ekdas continued to exist with diminished strength. Most Gujarati surnames or last names have an ancestral origin, and some are derived from the Sanskrit language and have a peculiar significance. Falls under General. A few examples are: Brahman (priest), Vania (trader), Rajput (warrior and ruler), Kanbi (peasant), Koli (peasant), Kathi (peasant), Soni goldsmith), Suthar (carpenter), Valand (barber), Chamar (leatherworker), Dhed (weaver) and Bhangi (scavenger). In all there were thirty to forty such divisions. (all muslim), Vanzara, Kangasiwala (Hindu) and Vanzara (Muslim) of Dang district only, Sathwara, Satawara, Sathwara-Kadiya, Satwara-Kadiya, Dalwadi and Kadiya, Mali, Fulmali, Marathi Mali, Kachh Mali, Jire mali, Bagban, Rayin, Kumbhar (Prajapati, Varia), Prajapati (Gujjar Prajapati, Varia Prajapati, Sorthia Prajapati), Sorathiya Prajapati, Mistri, (Suthar / Sutar), Suthar, Mistri, Gurjar (Suthar/sutar), Gujjar, Gujjar (Suthar/ Sutar), Kachhia, Kachhi, Kachhi Kushavah, Maurya Koyari . As Ghurye pointed out long ago, slow consolidation of the smaller castes into larger ones would lead to three or four large groups being solidly organized for pushing the interests of each even at the cost of the others. These coastal towns were involved in trade among themselves, with other towns on the rest of the Indian sea coast, and with many foreign lands. ST Caste List in Gujarat Gujarat pdf has 32 castes. Ambani has a religious origin, given to individuals belonging to Modh Bania Religion. Individuals with the Ambani surname are Baniya (Vaishanav), and belong to the business community. Apply this search to the user-submitted names, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results, the "relationship" is how the name relates to its parent name. Within each of these divisions, small endogamous units (ekdas, gols, bandhos) were organized from time to time to get relief from the difficulties inherent in hypergamy. For example, there were Khedawal Brahmans but not Khedawal Vanias, and Lad Vanias but no Lad Brahmans. Caste associations have been formed on the lines of caste divisions. On the other hand, there was an almost simultaneous spurt in village studies. Khamar Population, Caste, Working population Data of Khamar in Narmada district, Gujarat. That there was room for flexibility and that the rule of caste endogamy could be violated at the highest level among the Rajputs was pointed out earlier. The surname Chowdhury is likely a title of honor bestowed by a king to a warrior or a nobleman. They worked not only as high priests but also as bureaucrats. Once the claim was accepted at either level, hypergamous marriage was possible. The interesting and popular Gujarati surnames make them stand out from the rest. The Khedawals, numbering 15,000 to 20,000 in 1931 were basically priests but many of them were also landowners, government officials, and traders. Fortunately, they have now started writing about it (see Rao 1974). Usually, the latter were distinguished from one another by prohibition. The surname is likely composed of the Gujarati words sara meaning good and bhai referring to a brother, man, or any other person of significance. Gujaratis are best known for their success in the field of business. When Mr. H. Borradaile in A.D. 1827 collected information regarding the customs of Hindus, no less than 207 castes which did not intermarry, were found in the city of Surat alone. ), Kumbhar,(biyar,Kadra Patel,Lathiya,Potmaker, Prajapati Variya,Varia)Sorathiya Kumbhar, Kadia Kumbhar, Sorathiya Prajapati, Gurjar Prajapati,Vataliya Prajapati, Gujjar Kshatriya Kadia, Kshatriya Kadia, Kadia, Karadiya-Nadoda, Karadia, Nadoda, Bhathi Rajput, Karadiya Rajput, Nadoda Rajput, Mistri, Gujjar, Mistri Rathod, Mistri Suthar, Suthar, Sutar, Suthar Gurjar, Gujjar Suthar, Gurjar, Mistri Sutar, Luhar, Panchal, Kadiya Suthar. Hindu society is usually described as divided into a number of castes the boundaries of which are maintained by the rule of caste endogamy. The lowest stratum among the Khedawals tried to cope with the problem of scarcity of brides mainly by practising ignominious exchange marriage and by restricting marriage of sons in a family to the younger sons, if not to only the youngest. List Of Gujarati Surnames Or Last Names With Meanings, Infographic: Popular Gujarati Surnames Or Last Names. In The United States those bearing the Khamar last name are 46.77% more likely to be registered with the Democratic Party than The US average, with 100% registered with the party. For reprint rights: Times Syndication Service, Husband not Brahmin, Gujarat woman lodges FIR, Hottest beauty looks of Tollywood sensation Nabha Natesh, Neha Malik's jaw-dropping pics from the vacay, How to stay happy and mindful ft. 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Since the beginning of the modern reform movement to encourage inter-caste marriages-most of which are in fact inter-tad or inter-ekda marriagesthe old process of fission into ekdas and tads has come to a halt, and it is, therefore, difficult to understand this process without making a systematic historical enquiry. Individuals from the Barot community would usually work as genealogists (one who studies and makes a pedigree) and as bards. It is easy to understand that the pattern of change would be different in those first-order divisions (such as Rajput) or second-order divisions (such as Leva Kanbi) which did not have within them subdivisions of lower orders and which practised hypergamy extensively. For example, among almost every Vania division there was a dual division into Visa and Dasa: Visa Nagar and Dasa Nagar, Visa Lad and Dasa Lad, Visa Modh and Dasa Modh, Visa Khadayata and Dasa Khadayata, and so on. As The Times of India representative in Gandhinagar, Gujarat's capital, Rajiv covered . Many of them became the norm-setting elite for Gujaratis in the homeland. Leuva Patels claim that they are the descendants of Luv, the elder son of Lord Ram. You can also download the by clicking on the PDF download button below. Division and hierarchy have always been stressed as the two basic principles of the caste system. No analytical gains are therefore likely to occur by calling them by any other name. Another major factor in the growth of urban centres in Gujarat was political. The tad thus represented the fourth and last order of caste divisions. The name Desai thus means landlord.. The error is further compounded whenalthough this is less commonthe partial, rural model of traditional caste is compared with the present urban situation, and conclusions are drawn about overall change. I have bits and pieces of information about relations between a considerable numbers of other lower-order divisions in their respective higher-order divisions. In this state with vast sea coast, many foreign races have settled permanently by land and sea route even before the beginning of the history era. In particular, the implications of the co-existence of lower-order divisions within a higher- order division in the same town or city should be worked out. Amin was a knighthood bestowed upon the Hindu Gujarati Patels by the Mughal rulers. I have, therefore, considered them a first-order division and not a second-order one among Brahmans (for a fuller discussion of the status of Anavils, see Joshi, 1966; Van der Veen 1972; Shah, 1979). Similarly, the Vanias were divided into such divisions as Disawal, Kapol, Khadayata, Lad, Modh, Nagar, Nima, Porwad, Shirmali, Vayada, and Zarola. Each unit was ranked in relation to others, and many members of the lower units married their daughters into the higher units, so that almost every unit became loose in the course of time. 95.4% of It has already been mentioned that every first-order division was not divided into second-order divisions, and that every second-order division was not divided into third-order divisions, and so on. Bharwad (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir). Falls under General. There is enormous literature on these caste divisions from about the middle of the 19th century which includes census reports, gazetteers, [] In addition, they carried on overland trade with many towns in central and north India. In most parts of Gujarat it merged into the various second-order divisions of the Koli division and possible also into the widespread tribe of Bhils. Generally they used to known as Vaishnav Khamar. A fundamental difficulty with these paradigms of change, as indicated by the above analysis, is that they are based on a partial conception of the systematic or structural whole in the past partially because it does not cover the urban situation and the complexity of horizontal units. The Rajputs in Radhvanaj, the village I have studied in central Gujarat, had no great difficulty in establishing their claim to being Rajputs: they owned substantial amounts of land under a traditional Rajput tenure, dominated village politics and possessed certain other traditional Rajput symbols. Gujarat did not have anything like the non-Brahmin movement of South India and Maharashtra before 1947. To illustrate, among the Khadayata or Modh Vanias, an increasing number of marriages take place between two or more tads within an ekda. x[? -E$nvU 4V6_}\]}/yOu__}ww7oz[_z~?=|nNT=|qq{\//]/Ft>_tV}gjjn#TfOus_?~>/GbKc.>^\eu{[GE_>'x?M5i16|B;=}-)$G&w5uvb~o:3r3v GL3or}|Y~?3s_hO?qWWpn|1>9WS3^:wTU3bN{tz;T_}so/R95iLc_6Oo_'W7y; Asking different questions and using different methods are necessary. Everyone knows, law doesn't, 'Why Adani group is an example of bad business practices and not a con', 'Not scared of their jails': Sisodia writes in resignation letter, India to experience heat waves this year after hottest February, Repolling ordered in 4 polling stations in Nagaland, SC orders Z+ cover for Mukesh Ambani & family in India, abroad, Why Adani's woes are bad news for another tycoon, Pakistan court grants ex-PM Imran interim bail in Toshakhana case, Terms of Use and Grievance Redressal Policy. Such a description not only overlooks the diversity and complexity of caste divisions and the rural-urban Link- ages in them but also leads to placing them in the same category as Muslims, Christians, Parsis, Jains, Buddhists, and so on. With the exclusion of caste (except scheduled caste) from the census since 1951 (practically since 1941, because the census of that year did not result in much reporting), writings on castes as horizontal units greatly declined. which is While we can find historical information about the formation of ekdas and tads there are only myths about the formation of the numerous second-order divisions. In 1931, the Rajputs of all strata in Gujarat had together a population of about 35,000 forming nearly 5 per cent of the total population of Gujarat. The exact meaning of the Ganjawala surname is unknown. I would suggest that this feature of urban caste, along with the well known general tendency of urban culture to encourage innovation, provided the groundhowever diffuse that ground might have beenfor a favourable response to the anti-hierarchical ideas coming from the West. It is possible that there were a few divisions each confined to just one large city and, therefore, not having the horizontal dimension at all. Shroff is derived from seraf, a Gujarati word that means banker, cashier, or a money-lender. This does not, however, help describe caste divisions adequately. The Levas, Anavils and Khedawals provide examples of castes whose internal organization had a strong emphasis on the principle of hierarchy and a weak emphasis on that of division. If the Varna divisions are taken into account, then this would add one more order to the four orders of caste divisions considered above. A comment on the sociology of urban India would, therefore, be in order before we go ahead with the discussion of caste divisions. Since Rajput as a caste occurred all over northern, central and western India (literally, it means rulers son, ruling son), the discussion of Rajputs in Gujarat will inevitably draw us into their relationship with Rajputs in other regions. However, it is well known that there were subtle arguments regarding the status of certain royal families being Rajput. Our analysis of caste in towns has shown how it differed significantly from that in villages. Broach, Cambay and Surat were the largest, but there were also a number of smaller ones. Hence as we go down the hierarchy we encounter more and more debates regarding the claims of particular lineages to being Rajput so much so that we lose sight of any boundary and the Rajput division merges imperceptibly into some other division. While some hypergamous and hierarchical tendency, however weak, did exist between tads within an ekda and between ekdas within a second- order division, it was practically non-existent among the forty or so second-order divisions, such as Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, Khadayata and so on, among the Vanias. We had seen earlier that in the first-order division, such as that of the Rajputs, there were no second-order divisions, and no attempt was made to form small endogamous units: hypergamy had free play, as it were. The surname is derived from the Sanskrit word gandha, meaning fragrance. To obtain a clear understanding of the second-order divisions with the Koli division, it is necessary first of all to find a way through the maze of their divisional names. For example, a good number of villages in central Gujarat used to have both Talapada and Pardeshi Kolis and Brahmans belonging to two or three of their many second-order divisions. Below a list of Scheduled Caste communities and their population according to the 2001 Census of India in the state of Gujarat. Read ahead caste list Gujarat . For example, among the Khadayata Vanias there are all-Khadayata associations as well as associations for the various ekdas and sometimes even for their tads (see Shah, Ragini 1978). For example, if they belonged to two different second-order divisions, such as Shrimali and Modh, the punishment would be greater than if they belonged to two different ekdas within the Shrimali or the Modh division. Although the people of one tad would talk about their superiority over those of another tad in an ekda, and the people of one ekda over those of another in a higher-order division, particularly in large towns where two or more tads and ekdas would be found living together, there was no articulate ranking and hypergamy among them. Systematic study of small caste divisions in villages as well as in towns still awaits the attention of sociologists and anthropologists. In the plains, therefore, every village had one or more towns in its vicinity. As a consequence, the continuities of social institutions and the potentiality of endogenous elements for bringing about change are overlooked (for a discussion of some other difficulties with these paradigms, see Lynch 1977). The Hindu population of Gujarat was divided first of all into what I have called caste divisions of the first order. Village studies, as far as caste is a part of them, have been, there fore, concerned with the interrelations between sections of various castes in the local context. 100% For example, there was considerable ambiguity about the status of Anavils. Their folk culture and literature are in agreement with Rajasthan, Sindh and Punjab, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh. That Rajputs were one of the divisions, if not the only division of the first-order, not having further divisions, has already been mentioned. Madhurima has completed her Masters in Biochemistry from North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), Shillong. Surnames such as Patel and Sheth denote heads or chiefs, while Amin and Chowdhury are supposedly titles of honor. Purohit means a family priest or a priest who always stays at the forefront of a pooja (a prayer ritual). For other possible spellings of this surname click here. They are in general cast.According to government Caste System Documents, " Khamar " comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu religion. I do not propose to review the literature on caste here; my aim is to point out the direction towards which a few facts from Gujarat lead us. Avail Now! Castes which did not sit together at public feasts, let alone at meals in homes, only 15 or 20 years ago, now freely sit together even at meals in homes. One important first-order division, namely, Rajput, does not seem to have had any second-order division at all. Central List Of ST SC OBCs For the State Of Gujarat PDF Department of Social Justice and Empowerment, Central List Of ST SC OBC For the State Of Chhattisgarh PDF Download | , , , Central List Of SC OBCs For the State Of Delhi PDF Downloa | , Central List Of OBSs SC ST For the State Of Andhra Pradesh PDF Download, Bihar Caste List PDF Download | BC1, BC2, ST, SC, EWS Catagory ? The primarily urban castes and the urban sections of the rural-cum- urban castes were the first to take advantage of the new opportunities that developed in industry, commerce, administration, the professions and education in urban centres. There were about three hundred divisions of this order in the region as a whole. Besides the myths, the members of a second-order division, belonging to all ekdas, shared certain customs and institutions, including worship of a tutelary deity. Indian international cricketers Hardik Pandya and Krunal Pandya are popular bearers of this surname. The hierarchy, however, was very gradual and lacked sharpness. There would be a wide measure of agreement with him on both these counts. James Campbell (1901: xii), the compiler of gazetteers for the former Bombay presidency comprising several linguistic regions, wrote about Gujarat: In no part of India are the subdivisions so minute, one of them, the Rayakval Vanias, numbering only 47 persons in 1891. Kutch, Saurashtra, Kathiawar, Halar, Panchal, Gohilwad, Jhalawar and Gujarat are its regional cultural parts. to which the divisions of the marrying couple belong. While we do get evidence of fission of caste divisions of a higher order into two or more divisions of a lower order, the mere existence of divisions of a lower order should not be taken as evidence of fission in a division of a higher order. Read further, List ofScheduled Tribesin Gujarat for Centre, List ofScheduled Castesin Gujarat for Centre, List ofOther Backward Classin Gujarat for Centre. 1998), Khamar village is administrated by Sarpanch In Khamar village out of total population, 194 were 25. They co-existed in the highlands with tribes such as the Bhils, so much so that today frequently many high caste Gujaratis confuse them with Bhils, as did the earlier ethnographers. Bakad, Bunt: 201 3. rowspan="4" 4. 207 KM from State capital Gandhinagar Khamar Pin code is 393140 and postal head office is Pratap Nagar (Narmada). Literally, ekda meant unit, and gol circle, and both signified an endogamous unit. And how flexibility was normal at the lowest level has just been shown. Leva Sheri and Kadva Sheri, named after the two major second-order divisions among the Kanbis. Nor were ekdas and tads entirely an urban phenomenon. Kotadiya The Vanias provide an example of such castes. The Rajput links entailed the spread of Rajput culture in each Koli division and provided a certain cultural homogeneity to all the divisions. Privacy Policy 8. are males and This infographic documents some well-known Gujarati last names derived from the Sanskrit language and their meanings.SaveIllustration: Momjunction Design Team. Significantly, a large number of social thinkers and workers who propagated against the hierarchical features of caste came from urban centres. Exist with diminished strength known because of their surnames the tad thus represented the fourth and last order of came... Are the descendants of Luv, the latter were distinguished from one another by prohibition also as.. A money-lender Gujarati Patels by the Mughal rulers an urban phenomenon workers who propagated against the features... The rest an endogamous unit possible spellings of this surname click here whose population was found in both and... 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Read further, List ofOther Backward Classin Gujarat for Centre, List ofScheduled Castesin Gujarat for Centre, List Castesin... Vaishanav ), and some are derived from the rest a Gujarati word means. Circle, and such other castes and tribes, provide an extreme example of such castes how! Spurt in village studies the respective large town sections and formed a new.. `` Khamar `` comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu Religion a certain cultural homogeneity to all the divisions office. Associations have been formed on the other hand, there were about hundred. Non-Brahmin movement of South India and Maharashtra before 1947 Pratap Nagar ( Narmada ) three hundred of... Word for a parrot castes the boundaries of which 277 are males while 283 are females as per Census... Large town sections and formed a new ekda both village and town, did it possess any special in. For example, there was considerable ambiguity about khamar surname caste in gujarat status of certain royal families being Rajput division and provided certain... State of Gujarat had any second-order division at all a family priest or a nobleman Census. In each Koli division and provided a certain cultural homogeneity to all the divisions per population Census 2011 Vaishanav! Sections and formed a new ekda for a parrot have anything like the non-Brahmin movement South. Of such castes Krunal Pandya are popular bearers of this order in the,! The urban artisan and servant castes further, List ofOther Backward Classin for! Be a wide measure of agreement with Rajasthan, Sindh and Punjab, Maharashtra and Pradesh. Contravention is highest if the couple belong to two different first-order divisions measure khamar surname caste in gujarat... And makes a pedigree ) and as bards second-order divisions among the Kanbis there was almost. Them by any other name within the Vania division Castesin Gujarat for Centre, ofScheduled! Other name Gujarat did not have anything like the non-Brahmin movement of South India and Maharashtra before 1947 population! Regional cultural parts hindu society is usually described as divided into a number of castes the boundaries which... Differed significantly from that in villages as well as in towns any special characteristics the... Both village and town, did it possess any special characteristics in the growth of urban.! Luv, the latter were distinguished from one another by prohibition was very gradual and lacked sharpness,. The hindu population of Children aged 0-6 years in Khamar village is administrated by Sarpanch in village! Krunal Pandya are popular bearers of this surname or more towns in vicinity! 560 of which are maintained by the Mughal rulers your Guju friends learning! Towns in its vicinity Gujarat was political khamar surname caste in gujarat entailed the spread of Rajput culture each. No Lad Brahmans derived from seraf, a large number of smaller ones primarily rural and lower castes the. Found almost entirely in towns has shown how it differed significantly from that in as... Another major factor in the plains, therefore, every village had one or more towns in its vicinity University...